Lawrence Seaway, and now inhabit a few streams that empty into the Atlantic. Their native range includes Russia, and was extended over 120 years ago to include the Great Lakes. Steelhead are native to watersheds that empty into the Pacific Ocean. Built to shed current and cover water, gleaming across the miles in their silver chain mail, steelhead tell a spectacular story about life on earth. Some traverse a thousand miles of river before their tour of duty ends.Īnadromous rainbow trout, better known as steelhead, are sleek and powerful-beautiful and fascinating. Under dripping redwoods, they mill in green pools. Into forests, deserts, and mountains they come. Sea lice still clinging to their sides, they run into those confined environments and swim uphill. They stage and acclimate to the fresh melt of snow and glaciers. They find ribbons of water that cut canyons through mountains. Researchers said other needed efforts include protecting rivers’ cold headwaters, creating better groundwater management, removing problem dams or building fish passageways around them, and using altered landscapes such as flooded rice fields to mimic natural floodplains.They come in from the Pacific-the most expansive aquatic environment on earth. To save the species, the report stated, regulators need to focus on the protection of rivers least altered by humans, such as the Smith and Eel rivers on the North Coast. These waterways bear little resemblance to natural river systems that shrink and swell with the seasons, creating flood-plain habitat rich in food and sheltered areas critical to young fish. Humans have transformed many of California’s river channels and estuaries into what are basically large, engineered drainage ditches – used for shipping, water supply and flood control. Dams, for example, often block fish migrating to cold-water spawning grounds. The researchers warned that warming waters from climate change only will exacerbate problems that already exist.
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